Means of securing autonomy

The Belmont Zone of Choice: Community-Driven Action for School Change

Report. Learn how LAUSD Local District 4 educators and the Belmont Educational Collaborative navigated politics to secure a groundmaking agreement formalizing the opportunity to create a network of high-caliber, theme-based, teacher-powered public schools.

National Inventory of Teacher-Powered Schools

Inventory. Choose the “Autonomy Arrangements” tab and browse for schools with the autonomy arrangement you plan to seek. Then connect using the contact information provided.

Trusting Teachers with School Success: What Happens When Teachers Call the Shots, Chapter 2

Book. There are many ways to secure collective autonomy to run a teacher-powered school. Chapter 2 describes the various arrangements.

Securing Autonomy: Discussion Starters for Creating a Teacher-Powered School

Discussion Starters. Teams starting or improving a teacher-powered school should use the resource to explore about securing and sustaining autonomy, including existing autonomy arrangments teams could propose, which areas of autonomy are "musts," navigating politics, and resisting the pull to concede established autonomy.

Sample agreements for securing collective teacher autonomy

Belmont Pilot Schools

Memorandum of understanding. Under the pilot agreement between Los Angeles Unified School District and United Teachers of Los Angeles, the school board delegates authority to pilot schools’ governing councils to try new and different means of improving teaching and learning. The potential exists for councils to put decisionmaking authority in teachers’ hands—and some do.

Hughes STEM High School

Collective bargaining agreement. In 2009, teachers at Hughes STEM High School in Cincinnati, Ohio, secured collective autonomy to run the school via the Instructional Leadership Team (ILT) structure negotiated in the collective bargaining agreement between the Cincinnati School Board and Cincinnati Federation of Teachers.

Math and Science Leadership Academy (MSLA)

Memorandum of understanding. MSLA teachers in Denver, Colorado share the documents (their memorandum of understanding, waivers and teacher acknowledgment) that provide the legal structures to operate as a teacher-powered school.

Santa Barbara Charter School

Charter Contract. This charter renewal proposal, which became the charter contract between Santa Barbara Charter School (K-8) and Santa Barbara Unified School District, designates decision making authority to a Circle of Trustees (which includes teachers) and school directors. In practice, teachers select their leaders and make most decisions.

The Renaissance Charter School

Renewal Proposal. This charter renewal proposal, which became the charter contract between The Renaissance Charter School (K-12) and New York Department of Education, designates decision making authority to the school's board of trustees, knowing that the board would informally delegate that authority to a Collaborative School Governance Committee and the School Management Team. See, specifically, page 33 for more information about leadership and governance. This renewal proposal is also full of information reporting the school's past successes and challenges.

Oliver Partnership School

Operational Plan. This document was written after the Oliver Partnership School proposal (see Sample Proposals) was accepted. The Partnership Council, which is made up of a teacher majority, determines the Oliver Partnership School's Operational Plan on an annual basis. The Operational Plan is an agreement with Lawrence Public Schools that spells out the areas in which the the team of teachers has autonomy to make decisions and its specific intentions in carrying out each area.

Shasta Charter Academy

Charter Contract. Shasta Charter Academy (6-12) has its value for teacher influence written into its charter contract with Shasta Union High School District. In practice, the governing board and the director have granted teachers informal authority to make the decisions in 9 of 15 potential areas.

UCLA Community School Election-To-Work Agreement, 2009-2010

Election-to-Work Agreement. This EWA outlines the working conditions, including learning approach, evaluation, work hours, and payment agreed upon by the team at UCLA Community School.

Research and theory supporting school and teacher autonomy

Boston Pilot Schools

Report. In this 2009 report, the Reason Foundation describes and reviews Boston Pilot Schools, including their five essential areas of autonomy.

Charter School Autonomy: A Half-Broken Promise

Report. In this 2011 Fordham Institute study, authors Jacob L. Rosch and Dana Brinson find that the typical charter school in America today lacks the autonomy it needs to succeed once requirements by states, authorizers, and other authorities are considered.

The Decentralization Mirage

Report. In this RAND report, Bruce Bimber found that decentralization efforts had limited effects due to the inseparability of decisions. In other words, budget, personnel, instructional, and operational decisions are so closely linked that when school staff are given “decentralized” authority to make one type of decision, they are often hamstrung by centralized constraints on related decisions. If teacher-powered schools are to succeed in bringing innovation to K-12 schooling, what does this imply about the kind of autonomy that will be necessary?

Drive: The Surprising Truth about What Motivates Us

Book and video. Drawing on four decades of scientific research, Daniel Pink asserts that the secret to high performance and satisfaction is the need to direct our own lives, to learn and create new things, and to do better by ourselves and our world.

Making Schools Work

Book. In a two-year study of 223 schools in six cities, William G. Ouchi and others discovered that top-performing schools had the most decentralized management systems, in which autonomous principals—not administrators in a central office—controlled school budgets and personnel hiring policies. They were fully responsible and fully accountable for the performance of their schools.

Five Pilot Areas of Autonomy, plus Accountability

Website. The Boston Pilot/Horace Mann Schools Network outlines its Five Pilot School areas of autonomy and provides the Pilot Schools Network statement about accountability and assessment principles.

Teacher-Powered Schools: 15 Areas of Collective Autonomy

Inventory. Kim Farris-Berg, Edward J. Dirkswager, and Amy Junge originally identified ten potential areas of autonomy when conducting research for Trusting Teachers with School Success. The list later expanded to 15 areas based on their findings.

The Secret of TSL (Total Student Load)

Book. William G. Ouchi studied 442 schools that have embraced school decentralization, finding improved school performance. Ouchi asserts that principals must be given control of their budgets and other authority. When principals are empowered, they allocate funds to increase the number of teachers and lower the Total Student Load (TSL) per teacher. TSL is a key factor in school performance.